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DajjalSigns before the HourEuphrates and the mountain of goldDescent of Isa (AS)Ghazwat al-HindYa'juj and Ma'jujWhat protects from the Dajjal?
Wars and battles

The Conquest of Rome (Rumiyah)

In brief

The foretold conquest of Rome (Rumiyah, in Italy), named in the reports after the conquest of Constantinople.

Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As was asked which of the two cities would be conquered first, Constantinople or Rome. He called for a sealed chest, took out a book, and said the Prophet ﷺ was asked the same and replied: 'The city of Heraclius will be conquered first' - that is, Constantinople (al-Mustadrak 8301, sahih on the conditions of al-Bukhari and Muslim; Musnad Ahmad 6645). A report in Sahih Muslim 2920 likewise sets the conquest of Rome among the events near the end of time.

Named after the conquest of Constantinople (which fell in 1453) and tied to the later tribulations before the Dajjal; scholars set no date.

The reports distinguish two cities: Constantinople (Byzantine capital, taken by the Muslims in 1453) and Rumiyah, the city of Rome in Italy, still unconquered. Some narrations place Rome's conquest among the signs leading to the Great Battle and the Dajjal. As with all such reports, it describes a sequence, not a timetable, and names no present-day actor.

Read these reports as God's knowledge of what will be, not as a call to any campaign, and never bend them onto a living state or people.

Draft brief, not yet checked by the scholar board. The full texts are in the Sources tab and the scholars' views in their own tab.

Where it sits in the sequence

Phase 3 / 7Before the Dajjal

Mu'adh ibn Jabal's narration gives this order: Jerusalem flourishes, Yathrib is in ruins, the great battle, the conquest of Constantinople, then the Dajjal (Sunan Abi Dawud 4294, graded hasan by al-Albani). Sahih Muslim 2897 places the battle at al-A'maq or Dabiq, then Constantinople, then the Dajjal. Sunan Abi Dawud 4292 puts a truce with the Romans before the battle. The narrations on the Mahdi do not state his place in this order.