The signs, in narrated order
The Age of Tribulations & Signs of the Hour
Each ring is a phase, from the Prophet's ﷺ time to the Hour, in narrated order. Marks show what named scholars said, never a date or count.
قُلۡ إِنَّمَا عِلۡمُهَا عِندَ رَبِّيۖ لَا يُجَلِّيهَا لِوَقۡتِهَآ إِلَّا هُوَۚ
Say, “Its knowledge is only with my Lord. None will reveal its time except Him.”
Al-A'raf 7:187 · Saheeh InternationalAppearedPartly or disputedNot yetNo view yet
The sequence
From the Prophet's ﷺ time to the Hour
Phases follow the narrations named under each. Inside a phase, signs run in order of events where history or the narrations give one; where they do not, the order is approximate.
All signs in one list, most attested first, by the sahih and hasan narrations and Quran verses tagged to each. This is weight of attestation, not an order of events.
Signs grouped by the collection that narrates each one most, books in catalogue order. A sign can appear in several books; here it sits under its strongest-attested one.
All signs in one list, the ones readers open most on this site first; ties keep the order of attestation. This is reader interest, not weight of evidence or an order of events.
- 01
Foretold for the early generations
Events the narrations foretold that scholars connect with the first centuries of Islam. No single narration puts them in order.
- بعثة النبي ﷺ وموتهThe Prophet's ﷺ Mission and PassingThe sending of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ as the Final Messenger—and his subsequent passing—are counted by scholars as the very first signs of the Hour's approach.1 verses21 hadith
- انشقاق القمرThe Splitting of the Moon (Inshiqaq al-Qamar)The miracle of the splitting of the moon (Inshiqaq al-Qamar) in Makkah during the Prophet's ﷺ lifetime, which the Qur'an explicitly links to the drawing near of the Hour.1 verses12 hadith
- الدجالون الكذابونThirty liars who claim prophethoodThe Prophet ﷺ said the Hour will not come until about thirty liars (dajjals) appear, each claiming to be a messenger of Allah, though he is the last prophet and there is none after him.21 hadith2 Bible
- الفتوحConquests foretold (Persia, Rome, Yemen, Sham, Iraq, Egypt, Jerusalem)In the hardest days, when the Muslims were few and besieged, the Prophet ﷺ foretold that they would conquer Persia, Rome, Yemen, Sham, Iraq, Egypt and Jerusalem.76 hadith1 Bible
- الفتنة الكبرىCivil strife among the Companions (Uthman, Jamal, Siffin)The Prophet ﷺ foretold the trials that would come after him: the killing of Uthman (RA), and the fighting among the Muslims at the Battle of the Camel (Jamal) and at Siffin.55 hadith
- الخوارجThe Khawarij foretoldThe Prophet ﷺ foretold a group who would recite the Quran but it would not go past their throats, and who would leave the religion as an arrow leaves its target.123 hadith
- الخلافة والملكCaliphate, then kingshipThe Prophet ﷺ foretold that the caliphate after him would last thirty years and then become kingship, and that the religion would stay strong under twelve rulers, all from Quraysh.49 hadith3 Bible
- بنو أميةUmayyadsThe Prophet ﷺ foretold that the ruin of his ummah would come at the hands of young men of Quraysh, and that rule would turn into kingship after thirty years of caliphate.60 hadith
- بنو العباسAbbasidsThe Abbasids, descendants of the Prophet's uncle al-Abbas, overthrew the Umayyads in 132 AH and ruled from Baghdad.46 hadith
- نار الحجازFire in the land of HijazThe Prophet ﷺ said the Hour will not come until a fire comes out of the land of Hijaz that lights up the necks of the camels at Busra (in Syria).6 hadith
- التركTurksThe Prophet ﷺ foretold that the Muslims would fight a people with small eyes, red faces, flat noses and faces like hammered shields, who wear shoes of hair.101 hadith
- 02
Signs that spread among people
The narrations do not put these in order, and many of them overlap. Sahih al-Bukhari 7121 lists several together.
- رفع العلمKnowledge taken awayAmong the signs of the Hour: ilm is taken away and ignorance spreads.51 hadith1 Bible
- تضييع الأمانةTrust lost; affairs given to the unfitWhen trust (amanah) is lost, wait for the Hour.15 hadith1 Bible
- ظهور الفواحشOpen sin: zina and musical instrumentsAmong the signs: zina (fornication) becomes widespread and open, and people of the ummah treat as lawful zina, silk, wine and musical instruments.27 hadith2 Bible
- ظهور الربا واستحلال الخمرSpread of Riba (Usury) and Intoxicants Under New NamesThe widespread consumption of riba (usury/interest), indifference to whether income is lawful or unlawful, and the normalization of intoxicants by calling them by other names.4 hadith
- قطيعة الرحم وشهادة الزورSevering Family Ties, Bad Neighborliness, and False TestimonyThe breakdown of family and community bonds before the Hour: severing ties of kinship (qati'at al-rahim), mistreating neighbors, giving false testimony, and concealing truthful witness.27 hadith
- تقارب الأسواق وفشو التجارةMarkets Drawing Close Together, Spread of Trade, and Selective GreetingMarkets drawing close together (taqarub al-aswaq), the universal spread of trade until a woman assists her husband in commerce, the proliferation of writing ('the pen'), and greeting only those one knows.6 hadith
- الهرجMuch killing (al-harj)Al-harj means much killing.84 hadith3 Bible
- كثرة الزلازلMany earthquakesThe Prophet ﷺ said the Hour will not come until earthquakes become many.27 hadith4 Bible
- تقارب الزمانTime draws close (passes quickly)Time draws close: the years, months and days seem to pass ever faster.15 hadith
- التطاول في البنيانBarefoot shepherds compete in tall buildingsIn the famous hadith of Jibril, one of the signs of the Hour is that barefoot, naked, poor shepherds will compete in building tall buildings.17 hadith
- أن تلد الأمة ربتهاThe slave woman gives birth to her mistressAlso in the hadith of Jibril: 'the slave woman will give birth to her mistress (or master)'.13 hadith
- كثرة النساءMen decrease, women increaseMen become few and women many, until fifty women have one man to look after them.19 hadith
- التباهي في المساجدPeople vie in adorning mosques'The Hour will not come until people compete with one another over mosques.'9 hadith
- كثرة المطر وقلة النباتAbundant Rain While the Earth Grows NothingA sign before the Hour in which the sky sends down abundant rain, yet the earth produces no crops or blessing (barakah) from it.3 hadith
- غربة الإسلامIslam returns a stranger; holding faith like holding embers'Islam began as something strange and will return to being strange as it began, so glad tidings to the strangers.'11 hadith
- الفتنTrials (fitan) like pieces of dark nightThe Prophet ﷺ warned of trials (fitan) that will come like pieces of a dark night, one after another, so confusing that a man is a believer in the morning and a disbeliever by evening.102 hadith2 Bible
- تداعي الأممNations call one another against you'The nations will soon call one another against you, as diners call one another to a dish.'2 hadith
- الطائفة المنصورةA group that stays on the truth until the HourA group of the ummah will always remain upon the truth, victorious, not harmed by those who abandon or oppose them, until the command of Allah comes.37 hadith
- المجددA renewer every hundred years'Allah will send to this ummah at the head of every hundred years someone who renews its religion for it.'3 hadith
- فيض المالWealth overflows; no one takes charityWealth increases until it overflows, and a man goes out with his charity and finds no one to accept it.31 hadith
- الخسف والمسخ والقذفSinkholes, Disfigurement, and Stones from the Sky (Khasf, Maskh, Qadhf)The warning of three punitive portents in this Ummah before the Hour: sinkholes/swallowing by the earth (khasf), disfigurement (maskh), and stones pelted from the sky (qadhf).6 hadith1 Bible
- كلام السباع والجماداتPredators and Inanimate Objects Speaking to HumansBefore the Hour, wild predators (siba') will speak to humans, and inanimate objects—the tip of a man's whip, the strap of his sandal—along with his own thigh will speak to him.3 hadith
- تمني الموتA man passes a grave and wishes he were in it'The Hour will not come until a man passes by another man's grave and says: I wish I were in his place.'6 hadith
- عودة عبادة الأوثانTribes return to idol worshipBefore the Hour some tribes of the ummah will join the idolaters and worship idols again.13 hadith
- عودة أرض العرب مروجاArabia returns to meadows and riversThe Hour will not come until the land of the Arabs returns to being meadows and rivers.3 hadith
- المدينة في آخر الزمانMadinah guarded from the Dajjal; it expels its impurityMadinah has a special place at the end of time: the Dajjal cannot enter it, and it expels its impurity as a furnace removes the dross from iron.14 hadith
- غزوة الهندExpedition to India (Ghazwat al-Hind)Ghazwat al-Hind is an expedition to al-Hind (the Indian subcontinent) that the Prophet ﷺ promised, with great reward for those who take part.13 hadith
- القحطانيQahtaniA man from the tribe of Qahtan (the southern Arabs of Yemen) will rise and lead people with his stick.21 hadith
- الجهجاهAl-Jahjah'The days and nights will not end until a man called al-Jahjah, a freed slave, comes to rule.'1 hadith
- الفراتEuphratesThe Euphrates (al-Furat) will uncover a mountain (or treasure) of gold, and people will fight over it.59 hadith2 Bible
- الرايات السودBlack bannersBlack banners coming from the east, from Khurasan, appear in several reports as an army that comes before or with the Mahdi.67 hadith
- السفيانيSufyaniThe Sufyani is a figure from the descendants of Abu Sufyan who, according to some reports, will rise in Sham before the Mahdi, spread oppression, and send an army that is swallowed by the earth.106 hadith
- نساء كاسيات عارياتWomen Dressed Yet NakedAmong the signs the Prophet ﷺ foretold is the appearance of 'women who are clothed yet naked' (kasiyat 'ariyat), a widespread immodesty in dress in the latter days.2 hadith
- انقلاب موازين الأخلاق والمجتمعThe Overturning of Social and Moral OrderA cluster of signs describing the overturning of social and moral order: when people invert the rights of parents, friends, leaders and worship, calamities follow.2 hadith
- كثرة موت الفجأةThe Spread of Sudden DeathThe Prophet ﷺ urged hastening to good deeds ahead of seven things, one of them 'a sudden, dispatching death'; its spread is counted among the signs of the latter days.2 hadith
- اقتتال فئتين عظيمتين دعواهما واحدةTwo Great Factions Fight Under One ClaimThe Hour will not come until two great factions fight a fierce war while both lay claim to the same cause.9 hadith
- موتان كقعاص الغنمA Mass Death Like the Murrain of SheepA sudden, widespread mortality that takes people quickly 'like the murrain of sheep' - the third of the six signs the Prophet ﷺ named to Awf ibn Malik.10 hadith
- الفرار بالدين إلى شعف الجبالFleeing with One's Faith to the MountainsA time will come when a believer's safest wealth is a flock of sheep he keeps on the mountain tops, fleeing with his religion from the trials of the towns.8 hadith
- أصحاب السياط كأذناب البقرEnforcers with Whips Like the Tails of OxenAmong the signs is the appearance of people carrying whips like the tails of oxen, with which they beat others unjustly.1 hadith
- الفتنة من المشرق حيث يطلع قرن الشيطانTribulation from the East, Where the Horn of Satan RisesThe Prophet ﷺ pointed to the east and foretold that tribulation would rise from there, 'from where the horn of Satan appears'.13 hadith
- قيام الساعة والروم أكثر الناسThe Romans Will Be the Most Numerous of PeopleThe Prophet ﷺ foretold that the Hour would come while the Romans (al-Rum) are the most numerous of people.4 hadith
- 03
Before the Dajjal
Mu'adh ibn Jabal's narration gives this order: Jerusalem flourishes, Yathrib is in ruins, the great battle, the conquest of Constantinople, then the Dajjal (Sunan Abi Dawud 4294, graded hasan by al-Albani). Sahih Muslim 2897 places the battle at al-A'maq or Dabiq, then Constantinople, then the Dajjal. Sunan Abi Dawud 4292 puts a truce with the Romans before the battle. The narrations on the Mahdi do not state his place in this order.
- حصار العراق والشام ومصرBlockade of Iraq, Sham, and Egypt (Withholding of Grain and Coin)A prophesied blockade or withholding of grain-measures and coinage across three pivotal lands of the Muslim world: Iraq, Sham (Greater Syria), and Egypt.2 hadith
- خروج كنوز الأرض كالأسطوانThe Earth Vomits Forth Its Treasures Like Columns of Gold and SilverNear the Hour, the earth will vomit forth the buried treasures of its interior ('pieces of its liver') like great columns of gold and silver, yet no one will take anything from them.2 hadith
- عمران بيت المقدس وخراب يثربFlourishing of Baitul Maqdis (Jerusalem) and Ruin of YathribThe flourishing of Baitul Maqdis (Jerusalem)—and the descent of the Caliphate in the Holy Land—as the opening milestone in the prophetic sequence leading to the Great Battle and the Dajjal.8 hadith9 Bible
- المهديMahdiThe Mahdi ('the rightly guided one') is a man from the Prophet's family, through Fatimah, who will lead the Muslims near the end of time and fill the earth with justice as it had been filled with oppression.240 hadith
- الهدنةTruce with the RomansThe Prophet ﷺ said the Muslims will make a secure peace with the Romans, and together they will fight a common enemy.29 hadith
- الرومRomans (al-Rum)Al-Rum, the Romans, were the Byzantine Empire in the Prophet's time.1 verses208 hadith
- الملحمةMalhamahAl-Malhamah al-Kubra is the great battle between the Muslims and the Romans (al-Rum) near the end of time.123 hadith4 Bible
- فتح القسطنطينيةConquest of ConstantinopleConstantinople, today's Istanbul, was the capital of the Romans.97 hadith
- فتح روميةThe Conquest of Rome (Rumiyah)The foretold conquest of Rome (Rumiyah, in Italy), named in the reports after the conquest of Constantinople.11 hadith
- الصيحة في رمضانA Cry in RamadanA 'cry' or voice heard in Ramadan is reported among the tribulations before the Mahdi.16 hadith
- خسف الجيش بالبيداءAn Army Swallowed Up at al-BaydaAn army that marches to attack one seeking refuge at the Kaaba will be swallowed by the earth at al-Bayda, between Mecca and Medina.12 hadith
- 04
The Dajjal, Isa (AS), Ya'juj and Ma'juj
Al-Nawwas ibn Sam'an's narration gives this order: the Dajjal, the descent of Isa (AS) east of Damascus, the Dajjal killed at the gate of Lud, Ya'juj and Ma'juj, then a gentle wind that takes the believers' souls (Sahih Muslim 2937).
- الدجالDajjalThe Dajjal (al-Masih al-Dajjal, the false messiah) is a single man who will appear near the end and claim to be God.744 hadith9 Bible
- عيسى عليه السلامIsa (AS)Isa (Jesus, AS), son of Maryam, was not killed or crucified; Allah raised him up.4 verses173 hadith6 Bible
- الغرقدGharqad treeA hadith says that in a final battle even stones and trees will speak and point out those hiding behind them, except the gharqad, a thorny desert shrub (boxthorn).7 hadith
- يأجوج ومأجوجYa'juj and Ma'jujYa'juj and Ma'juj (Gog and Magog) are two huge peoples, descendants of Adam, held back behind a barrier of iron and copper that Dhul-Qarnayn built.2 verses122 hadith2 Bible
- الريح الطيبةThe gentle wind that takes the believers' soulsAfter the time of Isa (AS), Allah sends a cool, gentle wind from the direction of Sham (or Yemen in another narration).8 hadith
- 05
The last signs
The sun rising from the west and the Beast come close together, whichever is first (Sahih Muslim 2941). One version of Sahih Muslim 2901 ends its list with a fire that drives people to their gathering. The narrations here do not fix the places of the Smoke or the destruction of the Ka'bah.
- الدخانThe SmokeThe Smoke (al-Dukhan) is one of the ten great signs: a smoke that covers people, mentioned in Surah al-Dukhan.1 verses25 hadith1 Bible
- طلوع الشمس من مغربهاSun rising from the westOne morning the sun will rise from the west.1 verses85 hadith2 Bible
- الدابةThe Beast (Dabbah)The Beast (Dabbat al-Ard) is a creature that Allah will bring out of the earth near the end.1 verses44 hadith1 Bible
- رفع القرآن من المصاحف والصدورThe Lifting of the Qur'an from the Mushafs and Hearts in One NightNear the very end of time, after true practice of Islam has faded, Allah will take up the Qur'an in a single night so that not a single verse remains in the written pages (masahif) or in people's hearts.5 hadith1 Bible
- ذو السويقتينDhu al-Suwayqatayn destroys the Ka'bahNear the end, a man from Abyssinia called Dhu al-Suwayqatayn ('the one with two thin shins') will tear down the Ka'bah stone by stone.15 hadith
- الخسوفLand collapsesThree great collapses of the earth (khusuf): one in the east, one in the west, and one in the Arabian Peninsula.111 hadith
- النار التي تخرج من اليمنFire from YemenThe last of the ten great signs: a fire that comes out of Yemen, from the depths of Aden, and drives people to the place of their gathering.34 hadith1 Bible
- 06
The Hour
The Hour comes upon the worst of people (Sahih Muslim 2949).
- شرار الناسThe Hour comes on the worst of peopleThe Hour will not come while anyone on earth still says 'Allah, Allah'.20 hadith1 Bible
- أهوال قيام الساعةThe heavens and earth at the endWhen the Hour comes, the whole universe changes.32 verses3 hadith8 Bible
- الساعةThe HourThe Hour (al-Sa'ah) is the moment this world ends.41 verses540 hadith25 Bible
- 07
After the Hour
Described in the Quran and the narrations. Shown so the archive is complete.
- الموت والبرزخDeath and the grave (barzakh)Death is the first stage of the hereafter.9 verses102 hadith
- النفخ في الصورThe TrumpetThe angel Israfil will blow into the Trumpet (al-Sur).20 verses15 hadith3 Bible
- البعثResurrectionAfter the second blow of the Trumpet, Allah raises every human being from the dead, body and soul, to be judged.32 verses2 hadith7 Bible
- الحشرThe Gathering (Hashr)Al-Hashr is the Gathering: all of creation, from Adam to the last human, brought together on one vast plain to wait for judgment.26 verses22 hadith1 Bible
- يوم القيامةThe Day of JudgmentYawm al-Qiyamah, the Day of Resurrection, is the Day when all people stand before Allah to be judged.335 verses233 hadith3 Bible
- الشفاعةIntercessionIntercession (shafa'ah) is asking Allah, by His permission, for mercy for others.19 verses18 hadith
- الحساب والميزانReckoning, the record and the scalesOn that Day every person's deeds are brought out.33 verses20 hadith1 Bible
- الصراط والحوضThe Bridge and the PoolAl-Hawd is the Prophet's Pool (al-Kawthar), where his ummah drink before crossing.2 verses46 hadith
- الجنةParadiseJannah, Paradise, is the eternal home of the believers: 'what no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and no heart has imagined'.147 verses327 hadith3 Bible
- جهنمHellfireJahannam, Hellfire, is the abode of punishment for those who rejected Allah and for whom He decrees it.225 verses156 hadith1 Bible
- يوم القيامةThe Day of JudgmentYawm al-Qiyamah, the Day of Resurrection, is the Day when all people stand before Allah to be judged.335 verses233 hadith3 Bible
- الجنةParadiseJannah, Paradise, is the eternal home of the believers: 'what no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and no heart has imagined'.147 verses327 hadith3 Bible
- جهنمHellfireJahannam, Hellfire, is the abode of punishment for those who rejected Allah and for whom He decrees it.225 verses156 hadith1 Bible
- الدجالDajjalThe Dajjal (al-Masih al-Dajjal, the false messiah) is a single man who will appear near the end and claim to be God.744 hadith9 Bible
- الساعةThe HourThe Hour (al-Sa'ah) is the moment this world ends.41 verses540 hadith25 Bible
- الموت والبرزخDeath and the grave (barzakh)Death is the first stage of the hereafter.9 verses102 hadith
- الخوارجThe Khawarij foretoldThe Prophet ﷺ foretold a group who would recite the Quran but it would not go past their throats, and who would leave the religion as an arrow leaves its target.123 hadith
- الحساب والميزانReckoning, the record and the scalesOn that Day every person's deeds are brought out.33 verses20 hadith1 Bible
- عيسى عليه السلامIsa (AS)Isa (Jesus, AS), son of Maryam, was not killed or crucified; Allah raised him up.4 verses173 hadith6 Bible
- الحشرThe Gathering (Hashr)Al-Hashr is the Gathering: all of creation, from Adam to the last human, brought together on one vast plain to wait for judgment.26 verses22 hadith1 Bible
- أهوال قيام الساعةThe heavens and earth at the endWhen the Hour comes, the whole universe changes.32 verses3 hadith8 Bible
- الصراط والحوضThe Bridge and the PoolAl-Hawd is the Prophet's Pool (al-Kawthar), where his ummah drink before crossing.2 verses46 hadith
- طلوع الشمس من مغربهاSun rising from the westOne morning the sun will rise from the west.1 verses85 hadith2 Bible
- البعثResurrectionAfter the second blow of the Trumpet, Allah raises every human being from the dead, body and soul, to be judged.32 verses2 hadith7 Bible
- يأجوج ومأجوجYa'juj and Ma'jujYa'juj and Ma'juj (Gog and Magog) are two huge peoples, descendants of Adam, held back behind a barrier of iron and copper that Dhul-Qarnayn built.2 verses122 hadith2 Bible
- الشفاعةIntercessionIntercession (shafa'ah) is asking Allah, by His permission, for mercy for others.19 verses18 hadith
- الهرجMuch killing (al-harj)Al-harj means much killing.84 hadith3 Bible
- التركTurksThe Prophet ﷺ foretold that the Muslims would fight a people with small eyes, red faces, flat noses and faces like hammered shields, who wear shoes of hair.101 hadith
- الخسوفLand collapsesThree great collapses of the earth (khusuf): one in the east, one in the west, and one in the Arabian Peninsula.111 hadith
- الرومRomans (al-Rum)Al-Rum, the Romans, were the Byzantine Empire in the Prophet's time.1 verses208 hadith
- الفتنTrials (fitan) like pieces of dark nightThe Prophet ﷺ warned of trials (fitan) that will come like pieces of a dark night, one after another, so confusing that a man is a believer in the morning and a disbeliever by evening.102 hadith2 Bible
- النفخ في الصورThe TrumpetThe angel Israfil will blow into the Trumpet (al-Sur).20 verses15 hadith3 Bible
- رفع العلمKnowledge taken awayAmong the signs of the Hour: ilm is taken away and ignorance spreads.51 hadith1 Bible
- الفتوحConquests foretold (Persia, Rome, Yemen, Sham, Iraq, Egypt, Jerusalem)In the hardest days, when the Muslims were few and besieged, the Prophet ﷺ foretold that they would conquer Persia, Rome, Yemen, Sham, Iraq, Egypt and Jerusalem.76 hadith1 Bible
- الدخانThe SmokeThe Smoke (al-Dukhan) is one of the ten great signs: a smoke that covers people, mentioned in Surah al-Dukhan.1 verses25 hadith1 Bible
- الطائفة المنصورةA group that stays on the truth until the HourA group of the ummah will always remain upon the truth, victorious, not harmed by those who abandon or oppose them, until the command of Allah comes.37 hadith
- الفتنة الكبرىCivil strife among the Companions (Uthman, Jamal, Siffin)The Prophet ﷺ foretold the trials that would come after him: the killing of Uthman (RA), and the fighting among the Muslims at the Battle of the Camel (Jamal) and at Siffin.55 hadith
- قطيعة الرحم وشهادة الزورSevering Family Ties, Bad Neighborliness, and False TestimonyThe breakdown of family and community bonds before the Hour: severing ties of kinship (qati'at al-rahim), mistreating neighbors, giving false testimony, and concealing truthful witness.27 hadith
- فيض المالWealth overflows; no one takes charityWealth increases until it overflows, and a man goes out with his charity and finds no one to accept it.31 hadith
- المهديMahdiThe Mahdi ('the rightly guided one') is a man from the Prophet's family, through Fatimah, who will lead the Muslims near the end of time and fill the earth with justice as it had been filled with oppression.240 hadith
- ظهور الفواحشOpen sin: zina and musical instrumentsAmong the signs: zina (fornication) becomes widespread and open, and people of the ummah treat as lawful zina, silk, wine and musical instruments.27 hadith2 Bible
- الخلافة والملكCaliphate, then kingshipThe Prophet ﷺ foretold that the caliphate after him would last thirty years and then become kingship, and that the religion would stay strong under twelve rulers, all from Quraysh.49 hadith3 Bible
- الدابةThe Beast (Dabbah)The Beast (Dabbat al-Ard) is a creature that Allah will bring out of the earth near the end.1 verses44 hadith1 Bible
- التطاول في البنيانBarefoot shepherds compete in tall buildingsIn the famous hadith of Jibril, one of the signs of the Hour is that barefoot, naked, poor shepherds will compete in building tall buildings.17 hadith
- الفراتEuphratesThe Euphrates (al-Furat) will uncover a mountain (or treasure) of gold, and people will fight over it.59 hadith2 Bible
- الفتنة من المشرق حيث يطلع قرن الشيطانTribulation from the East, Where the Horn of Satan RisesThe Prophet ﷺ pointed to the east and foretold that tribulation would rise from there, 'from where the horn of Satan appears'.13 hadith
- بعثة النبي ﷺ وموتهThe Prophet's ﷺ Mission and PassingThe sending of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ as the Final Messenger—and his subsequent passing—are counted by scholars as the very first signs of the Hour's approach.1 verses21 hadith
- انشقاق القمرThe Splitting of the Moon (Inshiqaq al-Qamar)The miracle of the splitting of the moon (Inshiqaq al-Qamar) in Makkah during the Prophet's ﷺ lifetime, which the Qur'an explicitly links to the drawing near of the Hour.1 verses12 hadith
- النار التي تخرج من اليمنFire from YemenThe last of the ten great signs: a fire that comes out of Yemen, from the depths of Aden, and drives people to the place of their gathering.34 hadith1 Bible
- تقارب الزمانTime draws close (passes quickly)Time draws close: the years, months and days seem to pass ever faster.15 hadith
- أن تلد الأمة ربتهاThe slave woman gives birth to her mistressAlso in the hadith of Jibril: 'the slave woman will give birth to her mistress (or master)'.13 hadith
- الدجالون الكذابونThirty liars who claim prophethoodThe Prophet ﷺ said the Hour will not come until about thirty liars (dajjals) appear, each claiming to be a messenger of Allah, though he is the last prophet and there is none after him.21 hadith2 Bible
- الملحمةMalhamahAl-Malhamah al-Kubra is the great battle between the Muslims and the Romans (al-Rum) near the end of time.123 hadith4 Bible
- كثرة الزلازلMany earthquakesThe Prophet ﷺ said the Hour will not come until earthquakes become many.27 hadith4 Bible
- كثرة النساءMen decrease, women increaseMen become few and women many, until fifty women have one man to look after them.19 hadith
- غربة الإسلامIslam returns a stranger; holding faith like holding embers'Islam began as something strange and will return to being strange as it began, so glad tidings to the strangers.'11 hadith
- الهدنةTruce with the RomansThe Prophet ﷺ said the Muslims will make a secure peace with the Romans, and together they will fight a common enemy.29 hadith
- ذو السويقتينDhu al-Suwayqatayn destroys the Ka'bahNear the end, a man from Abyssinia called Dhu al-Suwayqatayn ('the one with two thin shins') will tear down the Ka'bah stone by stone.15 hadith
- تضييع الأمانةTrust lost; affairs given to the unfitWhen trust (amanah) is lost, wait for the Hour.15 hadith1 Bible
- عودة عبادة الأوثانTribes return to idol worshipBefore the Hour some tribes of the ummah will join the idolaters and worship idols again.13 hadith
- المدينة في آخر الزمانMadinah guarded from the Dajjal; it expels its impurityMadinah has a special place at the end of time: the Dajjal cannot enter it, and it expels its impurity as a furnace removes the dross from iron.14 hadith
- فتح القسطنطينيةConquest of ConstantinopleConstantinople, today's Istanbul, was the capital of the Romans.97 hadith
- ظهور الربا واستحلال الخمرSpread of Riba (Usury) and Intoxicants Under New NamesThe widespread consumption of riba (usury/interest), indifference to whether income is lawful or unlawful, and the normalization of intoxicants by calling them by other names.4 hadith
- الخسف والمسخ والقذفSinkholes, Disfigurement, and Stones from the Sky (Khasf, Maskh, Qadhf)The warning of three punitive portents in this Ummah before the Hour: sinkholes/swallowing by the earth (khasf), disfigurement (maskh), and stones pelted from the sky (qadhf).6 hadith1 Bible
- اقتتال فئتين عظيمتين دعواهما واحدةTwo Great Factions Fight Under One ClaimThe Hour will not come until two great factions fight a fierce war while both lay claim to the same cause.9 hadith
- الفرار بالدين إلى شعف الجبالFleeing with One's Faith to the MountainsA time will come when a believer's safest wealth is a flock of sheep he keeps on the mountain tops, fleeing with his religion from the trials of the towns.8 hadith
- شرار الناسThe Hour comes on the worst of peopleThe Hour will not come while anyone on earth still says 'Allah, Allah'.20 hadith1 Bible
- التباهي في المساجدPeople vie in adorning mosques'The Hour will not come until people compete with one another over mosques.'9 hadith
- تمني الموتA man passes a grave and wishes he were in it'The Hour will not come until a man passes by another man's grave and says: I wish I were in his place.'6 hadith
- القحطانيQahtaniA man from the tribe of Qahtan (the southern Arabs of Yemen) will rise and lead people with his stick.21 hadith
- خسف الجيش بالبيداءAn Army Swallowed Up at al-BaydaAn army that marches to attack one seeking refuge at the Kaaba will be swallowed by the earth at al-Bayda, between Mecca and Medina.12 hadith
- الريح الطيبةThe gentle wind that takes the believers' soulsAfter the time of Isa (AS), Allah sends a cool, gentle wind from the direction of Sham (or Yemen in another narration).8 hadith
- نار الحجازFire in the land of HijazThe Prophet ﷺ said the Hour will not come until a fire comes out of the land of Hijaz that lights up the necks of the camels at Busra (in Syria).6 hadith
- قيام الساعة والروم أكثر الناسThe Romans Will Be the Most Numerous of PeopleThe Prophet ﷺ foretold that the Hour would come while the Romans (al-Rum) are the most numerous of people.4 hadith
- حصار العراق والشام ومصرBlockade of Iraq, Sham, and Egypt (Withholding of Grain and Coin)A prophesied blockade or withholding of grain-measures and coinage across three pivotal lands of the Muslim world: Iraq, Sham (Greater Syria), and Egypt.2 hadith
- خروج كنوز الأرض كالأسطوانThe Earth Vomits Forth Its Treasures Like Columns of Gold and SilverNear the Hour, the earth will vomit forth the buried treasures of its interior ('pieces of its liver') like great columns of gold and silver, yet no one will take anything from them.2 hadith
- عمران بيت المقدس وخراب يثربFlourishing of Baitul Maqdis (Jerusalem) and Ruin of YathribThe flourishing of Baitul Maqdis (Jerusalem)—and the descent of the Caliphate in the Holy Land—as the opening milestone in the prophetic sequence leading to the Great Battle and the Dajjal.8 hadith9 Bible
- الغرقدGharqad treeA hadith says that in a final battle even stones and trees will speak and point out those hiding behind them, except the gharqad, a thorny desert shrub (boxthorn).7 hadith
- بنو أميةUmayyadsThe Prophet ﷺ foretold that the ruin of his ummah would come at the hands of young men of Quraysh, and that rule would turn into kingship after thirty years of caliphate.60 hadith
- كثرة المطر وقلة النباتAbundant Rain While the Earth Grows NothingA sign before the Hour in which the sky sends down abundant rain, yet the earth produces no crops or blessing (barakah) from it.3 hadith
- تداعي الأممNations call one another against you'The nations will soon call one another against you, as diners call one another to a dish.'2 hadith
- المجددA renewer every hundred years'Allah will send to this ummah at the head of every hundred years someone who renews its religion for it.'3 hadith
- كلام السباع والجماداتPredators and Inanimate Objects Speaking to HumansBefore the Hour, wild predators (siba') will speak to humans, and inanimate objects—the tip of a man's whip, the strap of his sandal—along with his own thigh will speak to him.3 hadith
- غزوة الهندExpedition to India (Ghazwat al-Hind)Ghazwat al-Hind is an expedition to al-Hind (the Indian subcontinent) that the Prophet ﷺ promised, with great reward for those who take part.13 hadith
- الجهجاهAl-Jahjah'The days and nights will not end until a man called al-Jahjah, a freed slave, comes to rule.'1 hadith
- الرايات السودBlack bannersBlack banners coming from the east, from Khurasan, appear in several reports as an army that comes before or with the Mahdi.67 hadith
- نساء كاسيات عارياتWomen Dressed Yet NakedAmong the signs the Prophet ﷺ foretold is the appearance of 'women who are clothed yet naked' (kasiyat 'ariyat), a widespread immodesty in dress in the latter days.2 hadith
- موتان كقعاص الغنمA Mass Death Like the Murrain of SheepA sudden, widespread mortality that takes people quickly 'like the murrain of sheep' - the third of the six signs the Prophet ﷺ named to Awf ibn Malik.10 hadith
- أصحاب السياط كأذناب البقرEnforcers with Whips Like the Tails of OxenAmong the signs is the appearance of people carrying whips like the tails of oxen, with which they beat others unjustly.1 hadith
- رفع القرآن من المصاحف والصدورThe Lifting of the Qur'an from the Mushafs and Hearts in One NightNear the very end of time, after true practice of Islam has faded, Allah will take up the Qur'an in a single night so that not a single verse remains in the written pages (masahif) or in people's hearts.5 hadith1 Bible
- بنو العباسAbbasidsThe Abbasids, descendants of the Prophet's uncle al-Abbas, overthrew the Umayyads in 132 AH and ruled from Baghdad.46 hadith
- تقارب الأسواق وفشو التجارةMarkets Drawing Close Together, Spread of Trade, and Selective GreetingMarkets drawing close together (taqarub al-aswaq), the universal spread of trade until a woman assists her husband in commerce, the proliferation of writing ('the pen'), and greeting only those one knows.6 hadith
- عودة أرض العرب مروجاArabia returns to meadows and riversThe Hour will not come until the land of the Arabs returns to being meadows and rivers.3 hadith
- السفيانيSufyaniThe Sufyani is a figure from the descendants of Abu Sufyan who, according to some reports, will rise in Sham before the Mahdi, spread oppression, and send an army that is swallowed by the earth.106 hadith
- انقلاب موازين الأخلاق والمجتمعThe Overturning of Social and Moral OrderA cluster of signs describing the overturning of social and moral order: when people invert the rights of parents, friends, leaders and worship, calamities follow.2 hadith
- كثرة موت الفجأةThe Spread of Sudden DeathThe Prophet ﷺ urged hastening to good deeds ahead of seven things, one of them 'a sudden, dispatching death'; its spread is counted among the signs of the latter days.2 hadith
- فتح روميةThe Conquest of Rome (Rumiyah)The foretold conquest of Rome (Rumiyah, in Italy), named in the reports after the conquest of Constantinople.11 hadith
- الصيحة في رمضانA Cry in RamadanA 'cry' or voice heard in Ramadan is reported among the tribulations before the Mahdi.16 hadith
- بعثة النبي ﷺ وموتهThe Prophet's ﷺ Mission and PassingThe sending of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ as the Final Messenger—and his subsequent passing—are counted by scholars as the very first signs of the Hour's approach.1 verses21 hadith
- الدجالDajjalThe Dajjal (al-Masih al-Dajjal, the false messiah) is a single man who will appear near the end and claim to be God.744 hadith9 Bible
- التركTurksThe Prophet ﷺ foretold that the Muslims would fight a people with small eyes, red faces, flat noses and faces like hammered shields, who wear shoes of hair.101 hadith
- الفتوحConquests foretold (Persia, Rome, Yemen, Sham, Iraq, Egypt, Jerusalem)In the hardest days, when the Muslims were few and besieged, the Prophet ﷺ foretold that they would conquer Persia, Rome, Yemen, Sham, Iraq, Egypt and Jerusalem.76 hadith1 Bible
- قطيعة الرحم وشهادة الزورSevering Family Ties, Bad Neighborliness, and False TestimonyThe breakdown of family and community bonds before the Hour: severing ties of kinship (qati'at al-rahim), mistreating neighbors, giving false testimony, and concealing truthful witness.27 hadith
- انشقاق القمرThe Splitting of the Moon (Inshiqaq al-Qamar)The miracle of the splitting of the moon (Inshiqaq al-Qamar) in Makkah during the Prophet's ﷺ lifetime, which the Qur'an explicitly links to the drawing near of the Hour.1 verses12 hadith
- الدجالون الكذابونThirty liars who claim prophethoodThe Prophet ﷺ said the Hour will not come until about thirty liars (dajjals) appear, each claiming to be a messenger of Allah, though he is the last prophet and there is none after him.21 hadith2 Bible
- الخوارجThe Khawarij foretoldThe Prophet ﷺ foretold a group who would recite the Quran but it would not go past their throats, and who would leave the religion as an arrow leaves its target.123 hadith
- رفع العلمKnowledge taken awayAmong the signs of the Hour: ilm is taken away and ignorance spreads.51 hadith1 Bible
- الفتنة الكبرىCivil strife among the Companions (Uthman, Jamal, Siffin)The Prophet ﷺ foretold the trials that would come after him: the killing of Uthman (RA), and the fighting among the Muslims at the Battle of the Camel (Jamal) and at Siffin.55 hadith
- الخلافة والملكCaliphate, then kingshipThe Prophet ﷺ foretold that the caliphate after him would last thirty years and then become kingship, and that the religion would stay strong under twelve rulers, all from Quraysh.49 hadith3 Bible
- النار التي تخرج من اليمنFire from YemenThe last of the ten great signs: a fire that comes out of Yemen, from the depths of Aden, and drives people to the place of their gathering.34 hadith1 Bible
- نار الحجازFire in the land of HijazThe Prophet ﷺ said the Hour will not come until a fire comes out of the land of Hijaz that lights up the necks of the camels at Busra (in Syria).6 hadith
- بنو أميةUmayyadsThe Prophet ﷺ foretold that the ruin of his ummah would come at the hands of young men of Quraysh, and that rule would turn into kingship after thirty years of caliphate.60 hadith
- بنو العباسAbbasidsThe Abbasids, descendants of the Prophet's uncle al-Abbas, overthrew the Umayyads in 132 AH and ruled from Baghdad.46 hadith
- ظهور الفواحشOpen sin: zina and musical instrumentsAmong the signs: zina (fornication) becomes widespread and open, and people of the ummah treat as lawful zina, silk, wine and musical instruments.27 hadith2 Bible
- تضييع الأمانةTrust lost; affairs given to the unfitWhen trust (amanah) is lost, wait for the Hour.15 hadith1 Bible
- ظهور الربا واستحلال الخمرSpread of Riba (Usury) and Intoxicants Under New NamesThe widespread consumption of riba (usury/interest), indifference to whether income is lawful or unlawful, and the normalization of intoxicants by calling them by other names.4 hadith
- رفع القرآن من المصاحف والصدورThe Lifting of the Qur'an from the Mushafs and Hearts in One NightNear the very end of time, after true practice of Islam has faded, Allah will take up the Qur'an in a single night so that not a single verse remains in the written pages (masahif) or in people's hearts.5 hadith1 Bible
- تقارب الأسواق وفشو التجارةMarkets Drawing Close Together, Spread of Trade, and Selective GreetingMarkets drawing close together (taqarub al-aswaq), the universal spread of trade until a woman assists her husband in commerce, the proliferation of writing ('the pen'), and greeting only those one knows.6 hadith
- الساعةThe HourThe Hour (al-Sa'ah) is the moment this world ends.41 verses540 hadith25 Bible
- عيسى عليه السلامIsa (AS)Isa (Jesus, AS), son of Maryam, was not killed or crucified; Allah raised him up.4 verses173 hadith6 Bible
- طلوع الشمس من مغربهاSun rising from the westOne morning the sun will rise from the west.1 verses85 hadith2 Bible
- يأجوج ومأجوجYa'juj and Ma'jujYa'juj and Ma'juj (Gog and Magog) are two huge peoples, descendants of Adam, held back behind a barrier of iron and copper that Dhul-Qarnayn built.2 verses122 hadith2 Bible
- الهرجMuch killing (al-harj)Al-harj means much killing.84 hadith3 Bible
- الخسوفLand collapsesThree great collapses of the earth (khusuf): one in the east, one in the west, and one in the Arabian Peninsula.111 hadith
- الفتنTrials (fitan) like pieces of dark nightThe Prophet ﷺ warned of trials (fitan) that will come like pieces of a dark night, one after another, so confusing that a man is a believer in the morning and a disbeliever by evening.102 hadith2 Bible
- الدخانThe SmokeThe Smoke (al-Dukhan) is one of the ten great signs: a smoke that covers people, mentioned in Surah al-Dukhan.1 verses25 hadith1 Bible
- الطائفة المنصورةA group that stays on the truth until the HourA group of the ummah will always remain upon the truth, victorious, not harmed by those who abandon or oppose them, until the command of Allah comes.37 hadith
- فيض المالWealth overflows; no one takes charityWealth increases until it overflows, and a man goes out with his charity and finds no one to accept it.31 hadith
- الدابةThe Beast (Dabbah)The Beast (Dabbat al-Ard) is a creature that Allah will bring out of the earth near the end.1 verses44 hadith1 Bible
- التطاول في البنيانBarefoot shepherds compete in tall buildingsIn the famous hadith of Jibril, one of the signs of the Hour is that barefoot, naked, poor shepherds will compete in building tall buildings.17 hadith
- الفراتEuphratesThe Euphrates (al-Furat) will uncover a mountain (or treasure) of gold, and people will fight over it.59 hadith2 Bible
- تقارب الزمانTime draws close (passes quickly)Time draws close: the years, months and days seem to pass ever faster.15 hadith
- أن تلد الأمة ربتهاThe slave woman gives birth to her mistressAlso in the hadith of Jibril: 'the slave woman will give birth to her mistress (or master)'.13 hadith
- الملحمةMalhamahAl-Malhamah al-Kubra is the great battle between the Muslims and the Romans (al-Rum) near the end of time.123 hadith4 Bible
- كثرة الزلازلMany earthquakesThe Prophet ﷺ said the Hour will not come until earthquakes become many.27 hadith4 Bible
- كثرة النساءMen decrease, women increaseMen become few and women many, until fifty women have one man to look after them.19 hadith
- غربة الإسلامIslam returns a stranger; holding faith like holding embers'Islam began as something strange and will return to being strange as it began, so glad tidings to the strangers.'11 hadith
- الهدنةTruce with the RomansThe Prophet ﷺ said the Muslims will make a secure peace with the Romans, and together they will fight a common enemy.29 hadith
- ذو السويقتينDhu al-Suwayqatayn destroys the Ka'bahNear the end, a man from Abyssinia called Dhu al-Suwayqatayn ('the one with two thin shins') will tear down the Ka'bah stone by stone.15 hadith
- عودة عبادة الأوثانTribes return to idol worshipBefore the Hour some tribes of the ummah will join the idolaters and worship idols again.13 hadith
- المدينة في آخر الزمانMadinah guarded from the Dajjal; it expels its impurityMadinah has a special place at the end of time: the Dajjal cannot enter it, and it expels its impurity as a furnace removes the dross from iron.14 hadith
- الخسف والمسخ والقذفSinkholes, Disfigurement, and Stones from the Sky (Khasf, Maskh, Qadhf)The warning of three punitive portents in this Ummah before the Hour: sinkholes/swallowing by the earth (khasf), disfigurement (maskh), and stones pelted from the sky (qadhf).6 hadith1 Bible
- اقتتال فئتين عظيمتين دعواهما واحدةTwo Great Factions Fight Under One ClaimThe Hour will not come until two great factions fight a fierce war while both lay claim to the same cause.9 hadith
- شرار الناسThe Hour comes on the worst of peopleThe Hour will not come while anyone on earth still says 'Allah, Allah'.20 hadith1 Bible
- التباهي في المساجدPeople vie in adorning mosques'The Hour will not come until people compete with one another over mosques.'9 hadith
- تمني الموتA man passes a grave and wishes he were in it'The Hour will not come until a man passes by another man's grave and says: I wish I were in his place.'6 hadith
- القحطانيQahtaniA man from the tribe of Qahtan (the southern Arabs of Yemen) will rise and lead people with his stick.21 hadith
- الريح الطيبةThe gentle wind that takes the believers' soulsAfter the time of Isa (AS), Allah sends a cool, gentle wind from the direction of Sham (or Yemen in another narration).8 hadith
- حصار العراق والشام ومصرBlockade of Iraq, Sham, and Egypt (Withholding of Grain and Coin)A prophesied blockade or withholding of grain-measures and coinage across three pivotal lands of the Muslim world: Iraq, Sham (Greater Syria), and Egypt.2 hadith
- عمران بيت المقدس وخراب يثربFlourishing of Baitul Maqdis (Jerusalem) and Ruin of YathribThe flourishing of Baitul Maqdis (Jerusalem)—and the descent of the Caliphate in the Holy Land—as the opening milestone in the prophetic sequence leading to the Great Battle and the Dajjal.8 hadith9 Bible
- كثرة المطر وقلة النباتAbundant Rain While the Earth Grows NothingA sign before the Hour in which the sky sends down abundant rain, yet the earth produces no crops or blessing (barakah) from it.3 hadith
- تداعي الأممNations call one another against you'The nations will soon call one another against you, as diners call one another to a dish.'2 hadith
- المجددA renewer every hundred years'Allah will send to this ummah at the head of every hundred years someone who renews its religion for it.'3 hadith
- كلام السباع والجماداتPredators and Inanimate Objects Speaking to HumansBefore the Hour, wild predators (siba') will speak to humans, and inanimate objects—the tip of a man's whip, the strap of his sandal—along with his own thigh will speak to him.3 hadith
- غزوة الهندExpedition to India (Ghazwat al-Hind)Ghazwat al-Hind is an expedition to al-Hind (the Indian subcontinent) that the Prophet ﷺ promised, with great reward for those who take part.13 hadith
- الجهجاهAl-Jahjah'The days and nights will not end until a man called al-Jahjah, a freed slave, comes to rule.'1 hadith
- الرايات السودBlack bannersBlack banners coming from the east, from Khurasan, appear in several reports as an army that comes before or with the Mahdi.67 hadith
- موتان كقعاص الغنمA Mass Death Like the Murrain of SheepA sudden, widespread mortality that takes people quickly 'like the murrain of sheep' - the third of the six signs the Prophet ﷺ named to Awf ibn Malik.10 hadith
- عودة أرض العرب مروجاArabia returns to meadows and riversThe Hour will not come until the land of the Arabs returns to being meadows and rivers.3 hadith
- السفيانيSufyaniThe Sufyani is a figure from the descendants of Abu Sufyan who, according to some reports, will rise in Sham before the Mahdi, spread oppression, and send an army that is swallowed by the earth.106 hadith
- الصيحة في رمضانA Cry in RamadanA 'cry' or voice heard in Ramadan is reported among the tribulations before the Mahdi.16 hadith
- يوم القيامةThe Day of JudgmentYawm al-Qiyamah, the Day of Resurrection, is the Day when all people stand before Allah to be judged.335 verses233 hadith3 Bible
- الجنةParadiseJannah, Paradise, is the eternal home of the believers: 'what no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and no heart has imagined'.147 verses327 hadith3 Bible
- جهنمHellfireJahannam, Hellfire, is the abode of punishment for those who rejected Allah and for whom He decrees it.225 verses156 hadith1 Bible
- الموت والبرزخDeath and the grave (barzakh)Death is the first stage of the hereafter.9 verses102 hadith
- الحساب والميزانReckoning, the record and the scalesOn that Day every person's deeds are brought out.33 verses20 hadith1 Bible
- الحشرThe Gathering (Hashr)Al-Hashr is the Gathering: all of creation, from Adam to the last human, brought together on one vast plain to wait for judgment.26 verses22 hadith1 Bible
- أهوال قيام الساعةThe heavens and earth at the endWhen the Hour comes, the whole universe changes.32 verses3 hadith8 Bible
- الصراط والحوضThe Bridge and the PoolAl-Hawd is the Prophet's Pool (al-Kawthar), where his ummah drink before crossing.2 verses46 hadith
- البعثResurrectionAfter the second blow of the Trumpet, Allah raises every human being from the dead, body and soul, to be judged.32 verses2 hadith7 Bible
- الشفاعةIntercessionIntercession (shafa'ah) is asking Allah, by His permission, for mercy for others.19 verses18 hadith
- الرومRomans (al-Rum)Al-Rum, the Romans, were the Byzantine Empire in the Prophet's time.1 verses208 hadith
- النفخ في الصورThe TrumpetThe angel Israfil will blow into the Trumpet (al-Sur).20 verses15 hadith3 Bible
- المهديMahdiThe Mahdi ('the rightly guided one') is a man from the Prophet's family, through Fatimah, who will lead the Muslims near the end of time and fill the earth with justice as it had been filled with oppression.240 hadith
- الفتنة من المشرق حيث يطلع قرن الشيطانTribulation from the East, Where the Horn of Satan RisesThe Prophet ﷺ pointed to the east and foretold that tribulation would rise from there, 'from where the horn of Satan appears'.13 hadith
- فتح القسطنطينيةConquest of ConstantinopleConstantinople, today's Istanbul, was the capital of the Romans.97 hadith
- الفرار بالدين إلى شعف الجبالFleeing with One's Faith to the MountainsA time will come when a believer's safest wealth is a flock of sheep he keeps on the mountain tops, fleeing with his religion from the trials of the towns.8 hadith
- خسف الجيش بالبيداءAn Army Swallowed Up at al-BaydaAn army that marches to attack one seeking refuge at the Kaaba will be swallowed by the earth at al-Bayda, between Mecca and Medina.12 hadith
- قيام الساعة والروم أكثر الناسThe Romans Will Be the Most Numerous of PeopleThe Prophet ﷺ foretold that the Hour would come while the Romans (al-Rum) are the most numerous of people.4 hadith
- خروج كنوز الأرض كالأسطوانThe Earth Vomits Forth Its Treasures Like Columns of Gold and SilverNear the Hour, the earth will vomit forth the buried treasures of its interior ('pieces of its liver') like great columns of gold and silver, yet no one will take anything from them.2 hadith
- الغرقدGharqad treeA hadith says that in a final battle even stones and trees will speak and point out those hiding behind them, except the gharqad, a thorny desert shrub (boxthorn).7 hadith
- نساء كاسيات عارياتWomen Dressed Yet NakedAmong the signs the Prophet ﷺ foretold is the appearance of 'women who are clothed yet naked' (kasiyat 'ariyat), a widespread immodesty in dress in the latter days.2 hadith
- أصحاب السياط كأذناب البقرEnforcers with Whips Like the Tails of OxenAmong the signs is the appearance of people carrying whips like the tails of oxen, with which they beat others unjustly.1 hadith
- انقلاب موازين الأخلاق والمجتمعThe Overturning of Social and Moral OrderA cluster of signs describing the overturning of social and moral order: when people invert the rights of parents, friends, leaders and worship, calamities follow.2 hadith
- كثرة موت الفجأةThe Spread of Sudden DeathThe Prophet ﷺ urged hastening to good deeds ahead of seven things, one of them 'a sudden, dispatching death'; its spread is counted among the signs of the latter days.2 hadith
- فتح روميةThe Conquest of Rome (Rumiyah)The foretold conquest of Rome (Rumiyah, in Italy), named in the reports after the conquest of Constantinople.11 hadith
Sahih al-Bukhari
- يوم القيامةThe Day of JudgmentYawm al-Qiyamah, the Day of Resurrection, is the Day when all people stand before Allah to be judged.335 verses233 hadith3 Bible
- الجنةParadiseJannah, Paradise, is the eternal home of the believers: 'what no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and no heart has imagined'.147 verses327 hadith3 Bible
- الساعةThe HourThe Hour (al-Sa'ah) is the moment this world ends.41 verses540 hadith25 Bible
- الخوارجThe Khawarij foretoldThe Prophet ﷺ foretold a group who would recite the Quran but it would not go past their throats, and who would leave the religion as an arrow leaves its target.123 hadith
- الحساب والميزانReckoning, the record and the scalesOn that Day every person's deeds are brought out.33 verses20 hadith1 Bible
- أهوال قيام الساعةThe heavens and earth at the endWhen the Hour comes, the whole universe changes.32 verses3 hadith8 Bible
- الصراط والحوضThe Bridge and the PoolAl-Hawd is the Prophet's Pool (al-Kawthar), where his ummah drink before crossing.2 verses46 hadith
- يأجوج ومأجوجYa'juj and Ma'jujYa'juj and Ma'juj (Gog and Magog) are two huge peoples, descendants of Adam, held back behind a barrier of iron and copper that Dhul-Qarnayn built.2 verses122 hadith2 Bible
- الهرجMuch killing (al-harj)Al-harj means much killing.84 hadith3 Bible
- التركTurksThe Prophet ﷺ foretold that the Muslims would fight a people with small eyes, red faces, flat noses and faces like hammered shields, who wear shoes of hair.101 hadith
- الفتنTrials (fitan) like pieces of dark nightThe Prophet ﷺ warned of trials (fitan) that will come like pieces of a dark night, one after another, so confusing that a man is a believer in the morning and a disbeliever by evening.102 hadith2 Bible
- رفع العلمKnowledge taken awayAmong the signs of the Hour: ilm is taken away and ignorance spreads.51 hadith1 Bible
- الفتوحConquests foretold (Persia, Rome, Yemen, Sham, Iraq, Egypt, Jerusalem)In the hardest days, when the Muslims were few and besieged, the Prophet ﷺ foretold that they would conquer Persia, Rome, Yemen, Sham, Iraq, Egypt and Jerusalem.76 hadith1 Bible
- الدخانThe SmokeThe Smoke (al-Dukhan) is one of the ten great signs: a smoke that covers people, mentioned in Surah al-Dukhan.1 verses25 hadith1 Bible
- الفتنة الكبرىCivil strife among the Companions (Uthman, Jamal, Siffin)The Prophet ﷺ foretold the trials that would come after him: the killing of Uthman (RA), and the fighting among the Muslims at the Battle of the Camel (Jamal) and at Siffin.55 hadith
- قطيعة الرحم وشهادة الزورSevering Family Ties, Bad Neighborliness, and False TestimonyThe breakdown of family and community bonds before the Hour: severing ties of kinship (qati'at al-rahim), mistreating neighbors, giving false testimony, and concealing truthful witness.27 hadith
- فيض المالWealth overflows; no one takes charityWealth increases until it overflows, and a man goes out with his charity and finds no one to accept it.31 hadith
- ظهور الفواحشOpen sin: zina and musical instrumentsAmong the signs: zina (fornication) becomes widespread and open, and people of the ummah treat as lawful zina, silk, wine and musical instruments.27 hadith2 Bible
- النار التي تخرج من اليمنFire from YemenThe last of the ten great signs: a fire that comes out of Yemen, from the depths of Aden, and drives people to the place of their gathering.34 hadith1 Bible
- تقارب الزمانTime draws close (passes quickly)Time draws close: the years, months and days seem to pass ever faster.15 hadith
- كثرة الزلازلMany earthquakesThe Prophet ﷺ said the Hour will not come until earthquakes become many.27 hadith4 Bible
- كثرة النساءMen decrease, women increaseMen become few and women many, until fifty women have one man to look after them.19 hadith
- تضييع الأمانةTrust lost; affairs given to the unfitWhen trust (amanah) is lost, wait for the Hour.15 hadith1 Bible
- المدينة في آخر الزمانMadinah guarded from the Dajjal; it expels its impurityMadinah has a special place at the end of time: the Dajjal cannot enter it, and it expels its impurity as a furnace removes the dross from iron.14 hadith
- اقتتال فئتين عظيمتين دعواهما واحدةTwo Great Factions Fight Under One ClaimThe Hour will not come until two great factions fight a fierce war while both lay claim to the same cause.9 hadith
- الفرار بالدين إلى شعف الجبالFleeing with One's Faith to the MountainsA time will come when a believer's safest wealth is a flock of sheep he keeps on the mountain tops, fleeing with his religion from the trials of the towns.8 hadith
- تمني الموتA man passes a grave and wishes he were in it'The Hour will not come until a man passes by another man's grave and says: I wish I were in his place.'6 hadith
- القحطانيQahtaniA man from the tribe of Qahtan (the southern Arabs of Yemen) will rise and lead people with his stick.21 hadith
- نار الحجازFire in the land of HijazThe Prophet ﷺ said the Hour will not come until a fire comes out of the land of Hijaz that lights up the necks of the camels at Busra (in Syria).6 hadith
- الغرقدGharqad treeA hadith says that in a final battle even stones and trees will speak and point out those hiding behind them, except the gharqad, a thorny desert shrub (boxthorn).7 hadith
- موتان كقعاص الغنمA Mass Death Like the Murrain of SheepA sudden, widespread mortality that takes people quickly 'like the murrain of sheep' - the third of the six signs the Prophet ﷺ named to Awf ibn Malik.10 hadith
Sahih Muslim
- جهنمHellfireJahannam, Hellfire, is the abode of punishment for those who rejected Allah and for whom He decrees it.225 verses156 hadith1 Bible
- الدجالDajjalThe Dajjal (al-Masih al-Dajjal, the false messiah) is a single man who will appear near the end and claim to be God.744 hadith9 Bible
- عيسى عليه السلامIsa (AS)Isa (Jesus, AS), son of Maryam, was not killed or crucified; Allah raised him up.4 verses173 hadith6 Bible
- الحشرThe Gathering (Hashr)Al-Hashr is the Gathering: all of creation, from Adam to the last human, brought together on one vast plain to wait for judgment.26 verses22 hadith1 Bible
- طلوع الشمس من مغربهاSun rising from the westOne morning the sun will rise from the west.1 verses85 hadith2 Bible
- الرومRomans (al-Rum)Al-Rum, the Romans, were the Byzantine Empire in the Prophet's time.1 verses208 hadith
- النفخ في الصورThe TrumpetThe angel Israfil will blow into the Trumpet (al-Sur).20 verses15 hadith3 Bible
- الطائفة المنصورةA group that stays on the truth until the HourA group of the ummah will always remain upon the truth, victorious, not harmed by those who abandon or oppose them, until the command of Allah comes.37 hadith
- الخلافة والملكCaliphate, then kingshipThe Prophet ﷺ foretold that the caliphate after him would last thirty years and then become kingship, and that the religion would stay strong under twelve rulers, all from Quraysh.49 hadith3 Bible
- الدابةThe Beast (Dabbah)The Beast (Dabbat al-Ard) is a creature that Allah will bring out of the earth near the end.1 verses44 hadith1 Bible
- التطاول في البنيانBarefoot shepherds compete in tall buildingsIn the famous hadith of Jibril, one of the signs of the Hour is that barefoot, naked, poor shepherds will compete in building tall buildings.17 hadith
- الفراتEuphratesThe Euphrates (al-Furat) will uncover a mountain (or treasure) of gold, and people will fight over it.59 hadith2 Bible
- الفتنة من المشرق حيث يطلع قرن الشيطانTribulation from the East, Where the Horn of Satan RisesThe Prophet ﷺ pointed to the east and foretold that tribulation would rise from there, 'from where the horn of Satan appears'.13 hadith
- بعثة النبي ﷺ وموتهThe Prophet's ﷺ Mission and PassingThe sending of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ as the Final Messenger—and his subsequent passing—are counted by scholars as the very first signs of the Hour's approach.1 verses21 hadith
- انشقاق القمرThe Splitting of the Moon (Inshiqaq al-Qamar)The miracle of the splitting of the moon (Inshiqaq al-Qamar) in Makkah during the Prophet's ﷺ lifetime, which the Qur'an explicitly links to the drawing near of the Hour.1 verses12 hadith
- ذو السويقتينDhu al-Suwayqatayn destroys the Ka'bahNear the end, a man from Abyssinia called Dhu al-Suwayqatayn ('the one with two thin shins') will tear down the Ka'bah stone by stone.15 hadith
- عودة عبادة الأوثانTribes return to idol worshipBefore the Hour some tribes of the ummah will join the idolaters and worship idols again.13 hadith
- شرار الناسThe Hour comes on the worst of peopleThe Hour will not come while anyone on earth still says 'Allah, Allah'.20 hadith1 Bible
- قيام الساعة والروم أكثر الناسThe Romans Will Be the Most Numerous of PeopleThe Prophet ﷺ foretold that the Hour would come while the Romans (al-Rum) are the most numerous of people.4 hadith
- خروج كنوز الأرض كالأسطوانThe Earth Vomits Forth Its Treasures Like Columns of Gold and SilverNear the Hour, the earth will vomit forth the buried treasures of its interior ('pieces of its liver') like great columns of gold and silver, yet no one will take anything from them.2 hadith
- كثرة المطر وقلة النباتAbundant Rain While the Earth Grows NothingA sign before the Hour in which the sky sends down abundant rain, yet the earth produces no crops or blessing (barakah) from it.3 hadith
- الجهجاهAl-Jahjah'The days and nights will not end until a man called al-Jahjah, a freed slave, comes to rule.'1 hadith
- نساء كاسيات عارياتWomen Dressed Yet NakedAmong the signs the Prophet ﷺ foretold is the appearance of 'women who are clothed yet naked' (kasiyat 'ariyat), a widespread immodesty in dress in the latter days.2 hadith
- أصحاب السياط كأذناب البقرEnforcers with Whips Like the Tails of OxenAmong the signs is the appearance of people carrying whips like the tails of oxen, with which they beat others unjustly.1 hadith
Sunan Abi Dawud
- المهديMahdiThe Mahdi ('the rightly guided one') is a man from the Prophet's family, through Fatimah, who will lead the Muslims near the end of time and fill the earth with justice as it had been filled with oppression.240 hadith
- الدجالون الكذابونThirty liars who claim prophethoodThe Prophet ﷺ said the Hour will not come until about thirty liars (dajjals) appear, each claiming to be a messenger of Allah, though he is the last prophet and there is none after him.21 hadith2 Bible
- الملحمةMalhamahAl-Malhamah al-Kubra is the great battle between the Muslims and the Romans (al-Rum) near the end of time.123 hadith4 Bible
- الهدنةTruce with the RomansThe Prophet ﷺ said the Muslims will make a secure peace with the Romans, and together they will fight a common enemy.29 hadith
- فتح القسطنطينيةConquest of ConstantinopleConstantinople, today's Istanbul, was the capital of the Romans.97 hadith
- ظهور الربا واستحلال الخمرSpread of Riba (Usury) and Intoxicants Under New NamesThe widespread consumption of riba (usury/interest), indifference to whether income is lawful or unlawful, and the normalization of intoxicants by calling them by other names.4 hadith
- التباهي في المساجدPeople vie in adorning mosques'The Hour will not come until people compete with one another over mosques.'9 hadith
- الريح الطيبةThe gentle wind that takes the believers' soulsAfter the time of Isa (AS), Allah sends a cool, gentle wind from the direction of Sham (or Yemen in another narration).8 hadith
- حصار العراق والشام ومصرBlockade of Iraq, Sham, and Egypt (Withholding of Grain and Coin)A prophesied blockade or withholding of grain-measures and coinage across three pivotal lands of the Muslim world: Iraq, Sham (Greater Syria), and Egypt.2 hadith
- عمران بيت المقدس وخراب يثربFlourishing of Baitul Maqdis (Jerusalem) and Ruin of YathribThe flourishing of Baitul Maqdis (Jerusalem)—and the descent of the Caliphate in the Holy Land—as the opening milestone in the prophetic sequence leading to the Great Battle and the Dajjal.8 hadith9 Bible
- تداعي الأممNations call one another against you'The nations will soon call one another against you, as diners call one another to a dish.'2 hadith
- المجددA renewer every hundred years'Allah will send to this ummah at the head of every hundred years someone who renews its religion for it.'3 hadith
Jami' at-Tirmidhi
- بنو أميةUmayyadsThe Prophet ﷺ foretold that the ruin of his ummah would come at the hands of young men of Quraysh, and that rule would turn into kingship after thirty years of caliphate.60 hadith
- كلام السباع والجماداتPredators and Inanimate Objects Speaking to HumansBefore the Hour, wild predators (siba') will speak to humans, and inanimate objects—the tip of a man's whip, the strap of his sandal—along with his own thigh will speak to him.3 hadith
- الرايات السودBlack bannersBlack banners coming from the east, from Khurasan, appear in several reports as an army that comes before or with the Mahdi.67 hadith
Sunan an-Nasa'i
Sunan Ibn Majah
- البعثResurrectionAfter the second blow of the Trumpet, Allah raises every human being from the dead, body and soul, to be judged.32 verses2 hadith7 Bible
- الشفاعةIntercessionIntercession (shafa'ah) is asking Allah, by His permission, for mercy for others.19 verses18 hadith
- الخسوفLand collapsesThree great collapses of the earth (khusuf): one in the east, one in the west, and one in the Arabian Peninsula.111 hadith
- أن تلد الأمة ربتهاThe slave woman gives birth to her mistressAlso in the hadith of Jibril: 'the slave woman will give birth to her mistress (or master)'.13 hadith
- غربة الإسلامIslam returns a stranger; holding faith like holding embers'Islam began as something strange and will return to being strange as it began, so glad tidings to the strangers.'11 hadith
- الخسف والمسخ والقذفSinkholes, Disfigurement, and Stones from the Sky (Khasf, Maskh, Qadhf)The warning of three punitive portents in this Ummah before the Hour: sinkholes/swallowing by the earth (khasf), disfigurement (maskh), and stones pelted from the sky (qadhf).6 hadith1 Bible
- خسف الجيش بالبيداءAn Army Swallowed Up at al-BaydaAn army that marches to attack one seeking refuge at the Kaaba will be swallowed by the earth at al-Bayda, between Mecca and Medina.12 hadith
- رفع القرآن من المصاحف والصدورThe Lifting of the Qur'an from the Mushafs and Hearts in One NightNear the very end of time, after true practice of Islam has faded, Allah will take up the Qur'an in a single night so that not a single verse remains in the written pages (masahif) or in people's hearts.5 hadith1 Bible
Not in the graded archive yet
- بنو العباسAbbasidsThe Abbasids, descendants of the Prophet's uncle al-Abbas, overthrew the Umayyads in 132 AH and ruled from Baghdad.46 hadith
- تقارب الأسواق وفشو التجارةMarkets Drawing Close Together, Spread of Trade, and Selective GreetingMarkets drawing close together (taqarub al-aswaq), the universal spread of trade until a woman assists her husband in commerce, the proliferation of writing ('the pen'), and greeting only those one knows.6 hadith
- عودة أرض العرب مروجاArabia returns to meadows and riversThe Hour will not come until the land of the Arabs returns to being meadows and rivers.3 hadith
- السفيانيSufyaniThe Sufyani is a figure from the descendants of Abu Sufyan who, according to some reports, will rise in Sham before the Mahdi, spread oppression, and send an army that is swallowed by the earth.106 hadith
- انقلاب موازين الأخلاق والمجتمعThe Overturning of Social and Moral OrderA cluster of signs describing the overturning of social and moral order: when people invert the rights of parents, friends, leaders and worship, calamities follow.2 hadith
- كثرة موت الفجأةThe Spread of Sudden DeathThe Prophet ﷺ urged hastening to good deeds ahead of seven things, one of them 'a sudden, dispatching death'; its spread is counted among the signs of the latter days.2 hadith
- فتح روميةThe Conquest of Rome (Rumiyah)The foretold conquest of Rome (Rumiyah, in Italy), named in the reports after the conquest of Constantinople.11 hadith
- الصيحة في رمضانA Cry in RamadanA 'cry' or voice heard in Ramadan is reported among the tribulations before the Mahdi.16 hadith
Investigative Research & Fact-Checks
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- End-Times Investigation
Dajjal and the Jassasah: The Astola Island Mystery
One afternoon in Madinah, the Prophet ﷺ called everyone to the mosque for an announcement unlike any other: a Christian convert named Tamim al-Dari had been blown off course for a month and met a chained prisoner on an island. Centuries later, viral videos claim that island is Astola in Pakistan. Let's look at the clues.
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The Reality of Dajjal: Ibn Sayyad and the Prophetic Test
Is Dajjal a giant monster, an invisible global system, or a real human man? The clearest answer comes from a remarkable scene in Sahih Bukhari and Muslim: the Prophet ﷺ walking with Umar ibn al-Khattab through Madinah, hiding behind palm trunks to listen to a strange teenager named Ibn Sayyad.
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The True Imam Mahdi: Authentic Hadith and Identifying Impostors
Throughout history, dozens of men have stood up and shouted, 'I am the Mahdi!' Yet the Prophet ﷺ gave us a simple test that exposes every single one of them: the real Mahdi never campaigns for the title. He flees from Madinah to Makkah to avoid leadership until scholars force the pledge upon him between the Corner and the Maqam.
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Yajuj and Majuj: Dhul-Qarnayn's Barrier and the Unstoppable Army
Right after Prophet Isa (AS) defeats the Dajjal at the Gate of Ludd, Allah will reveal to him: 'I have brought forth servants of Mine whom no one has the power to fight, so take My servants safely to Mount Tur.' Who are Yajuj and Majuj, how did Dhul-Qarnayn seal them behind iron and molten copper, and how will their story end?
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Then and now
Places in the narrations today
Databases · CC BY-SA 4.0Baitul Maqdis (Jerusalem) بيت المقدس
Then Surah al-Isra opens with the Night Journey to al-Masjid al-Aqsa.
Now The 144-dunam compound in Jerusalem’s Old City is administered by the Jordanian-run Islamic Waqf under a long-standing status quo.
As of 2026-10-26 · draft, reviewed monthly · Al-Aqsa · Wikipedia
Landsat 8/9, USGS/NASA · 2026-10-24Euphrates نهر الفرات
Then The Hour will not come until the Euphrates uncovers a mountain of gold over which people fight.
Now In October 2026 Iraq reported the Euphrates at its lowest levels in decades, receiving under 35% of its allocated share.
As of 2026-10-26 · draft, reviewed monthly · Iraq's Euphrates at historic lows · IraqiNews, Oct 2026
Vyacheslav Argenberg · CC BY 4.0Sham (Greater Syria) الشام
Then The Prophet ﷺ said a group of his community will stay firm on the truth until Allah's command comes; Mu‘adh ibn Jabal added that they are in Sham (Bukhari).
Now Bilad al-Sham, the Levant, today spans Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Palestine and Israel, and part of southern Turkey.
As of 2026-10-26 · draft, reviewed monthly · Levant · Wikipedia
Nomi887 · CC BY-SA 4.0India (al-Hind) الهند
Then In classical Arabic geography al-Hind is the Indian subcontinent, with al-Sind as its lower Indus region.
Now The region today spans several countries, among them India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka, and is home to a large share of the world's Muslims.
As of 2026-10-26 · draft, reviewed monthly · Islam in South Asia · Wikipedia